The PERASPERA OG1 activity is devoted to the design of a Robot Control Operating Software (RCOS) that can provide adequate features and performance with space-grade Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) 
properties. The goal of the ESROCOS project is to provide an open source framework, which can assist in the development of flight software for space robots. By providing an open standard, which can be used by research labs and industry, it is expected that the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) can be made raised more efficiently, and vendor lock-in through proprietary environments can be reduced. Current state-of-the-art robotic frameworks are already addressing some of these key aspects, but mostly fail to deliver the degree of quality expected in the space environment. In the industrial robotics world, manufacturers of robots realise their RCOS by complementing commercial real-time operating systems, with proprietary libraries implementing the extra functions. While this serves the scope of selling robotic systems and applications, it does not provide for a standard for integration of systems and algorithms across multiple vendors. Other open-source frameworks do not have sufficient RAMS properties (e.g. ROS, Orocos, Rock, and Genom) for its use in space missions.
Therefore, the ESROCOS project aims to develop a system with the following main objectives:
Obj 1. Develop a Space-oriented RCOS: ESROCOS shall target space development needs by including space-grade RAMS attributes (refer to ESA ECSS standards) and off-line/on-line formal verification, Telemetry and Telecommand (TM/TC) messages and qualification of industrial drivers such as the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus or EtherCAT protocols. Two reference implementations shall be carried out on space representative avionics.
Obj 2. Integrate advanced modelling technologies: ESROCOS shall include complete model-based methodology [RD.5] supporting the design of the individual components as well as the interfaces for their interaction and integration, the verification of the structural and behavioural properties at the system level, and a framework that also provides glue code generation. This approach allows the separation of the model from the target platform, which is a requirement for the reuse of the software in future developments
Obj 3. Focus on the space robotics community: ESROCOS requirements will be consolidated by actors leading state-of-the art robotics space missions.
Obj 4. Allow integration of complex robotics applications: ESROCOS shall provide a flexible architecture, following the Time and Space Partitioning and mixed-criticality approach [RD.17], which also allows hosting different level of space quality applications over the same on-board computer.
Obj 5. Avoid vendor-lock in situations: The outcome of the proposal is to be delivered as open-source code (Mozilla Public License, Apache, MIT, BSD and GPL/LGPL), avoiding proprietary solutions (VxWorks, PykeOS) that can have difficulties in being adopted,
Obj 6. Leverage on existing assets: Instead of starting from scratch, ESROCOS shall enhance already existing frameworks (TASTE extended with a robotics components approach inspired by the Rock middleware), mature toolsets (source-code versioning, scripting/testing, visualizers/simulators) and libraries (advanced data types, robotics transformations of reference systems, robotic arm kinematics and dynamics, rover locomotion control)
Obj 7. Ease the development of robotics systems: ESROCOS shall be interoperable with other robotics frameworks (e.g. Rock/ROS 3rd party libraries and visualizers/simulator) allowing testing their algorithms together with space critical components
Obj 8. Cross-pollinate with non-space solutions and applications: ESROCOS shall benefit from the experience gathered in developing RCOS for robots in nuclear environment, with very stringent RAMS requirements
The proposed ESROCOS solution is foreseen to be based on the ESA TASTE toolset (with ISAE as co-developer). This framework is a good starting point as it already fulfils some of the RCOS requirements although it lacks from intrinsic support for development of robots. Some key partners of the OG1 Consortium (GMV/DFKI/VERIMAG) are already extending the TASTE framework under the on-going ESA-funded SARGON activity (www.sargon-project.eu) towards an initial RCOS proof-of-concept.
The ESROCOS project will benefit from SARGON as within this project it is being elaborated some basic features for a RCOS such as: basic nominal life-cycle of robotics components, basic robotic data types declared in ASN1, definition of RCOS quality levels and interaction with a 3D visualizer such as Vizkit.